Risks of Youth Using Social Media ( Privacy Issues) Free Essays

Clinical Report: The Impact of Social Media on Children, Adolescents, and Families Gwenn Schurgin O’Keeffe, Kathleen Clarke Pediatrics Volume 127, Number 4, April 2011 pp. 800-804 RISKS OF YOUTH USING SOCIAL MEDIA Engaging in different types of internet based life is a standard action that examination has appeared to profit youngsters and teenagers by improving correspondence, social association, and even specialized abilities. Online life locales, for example, Facebook and MySpace offer different every day open doors for interfacing with companions, cohorts, and individuals with shared interests. We will compose a custom paper test on Dangers of Youth Using Social Media ( Privacy Issues) or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now During the most recent 5 years, the quantity of preadolescents and youths utilizing such destinations has expanded significantly. Since a huge piece of this generation’s social and enthusiastic improvement is happening while on the Internet and on PDAs, youngsters and youths are at some hazard as they explore and try different things with online networking, due to their constrained limit with respect to self-guideline and powerlessness to peer pressure. Ongoing exploration demonstrates that there are visit online articulations of disconnected practices, for example, tormenting, and sexual experimentation, that have presented issues, for example, digital harassing, security issues, and sexting. Digital tormenting Cyber-harassing is purposely utilizing computerized media to convey bogus, humiliating, or threatening data about someone else. It is the most widely recognized online hazard for all teenagers and is a distributed hazard. In spite of the fact that â€Å"online harassment† is frequently utilized conversely with the term â€Å"cyber-bullying,† it is really an alternate element. Current information propose that online provocation isn't as regular as disconnected badgering (Lenhart, 2007), and cooperation in person to person communication destinations doesn't put most kids in danger of online provocation (Ybarra Mitchell, 2008). Then again, digital harassing is very normal, can happen to any youngster on the web, and can cause significant psychosocial results including misery, tension, serious segregation, and, grievously, self destruction (Hinduja Patchin, 2010). Sexting can be characterized as â€Å"sending, accepting, or sending explicitly unequivocal messages, photos, or pictures through phone, PC, or other advanced devices†(Berkshire District Attorney, 2010). A significant number of these pictures become dispersed quickly by means of mobile phones or the Internet. This wonder occurs among the teenager populace; an ongoing study uncovered that 20% of adolescents have sent or posted bare or seminude photos or recordings of themselves (National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy, 2010). A few adolescents who have occupied with sexting have been undermined or accused of crime kid sex entertainment charges, albeit a few states have begun describing such practices as adolescent law misdeeds (Gifford, 2010; Walker, 2010). Extra outcomes incorporate school suspension for culprits and enthusiastic misery with going with emotional well-being conditions for casualties. By and large, notwithstanding, the sexting episode isn't shared past a little friend gathering or a couple and isn't seen as upsetting by any stretch of the imagination (Lenhart, 2009). Facebook Depression Researchers have proposed another wonder called â€Å"Facebook depression,† characterized as misery that creates when preteens and youngsters invest a lot of energy in online life destinations, for example, Facebook, and afterward start to show great side effects of gloom (Davilla et al. 2009; Sturm, 2010). Acknowledgment by and contact with peers is a significant component of pre-adult life. The force of the online world is believed to be a factor that may trigger discouragement in certain young people. As with disconnected discouragement, preadolescents and teenagers who experience the ill effects of Facebook wretchedness are in danger for social separation and now and again go to dangerous Internet destinations and online journals for â€Å"help† that may advance substance misuse, hazardous sexual practices, or forceful or pointless practices. Instructions to refer to Risks of Youth Using Social Media ( Privacy Issues), Papers

ACT Test Dates Study Plan for Summer Before Senior Year

5-Step SAT/ACT Test Dates Study Plan for Summer Before Senior Year SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Your senior year is coming up, and you’re prepared to destroy those government sanctioned tests unequivocally. It’s time to make sense of the best examination plan for you that despite everything allows for summer employments, despicable degrees of frozen yogurt utilization, and gaining immense tan lines. Follow these five stages to take advantage of your late spring concentrating before your SAT or ACT test date! Stage 1: Determine Your Goal The initial phase in making an examination plan is realizing the amount you have to improve.You can ascertain your objective scores for both the SAT and ACT dependent on your school confirmation objectives. Google your school of decision and â€Å"SAT scores† or â€Å"ACT scores† to discover the score scope of the center 50 percent of conceded candidates - as such, a 25th percentile score and a 75th percentile score. Focus on the 75th percentile score (a superior score than 75 percent of conceded candidates) to give yourself the most obvious opportunity with regards to being conceded. At that point, take a training test to see where you stand score-wise, or,if you’ve effectively taken the SAT or ACT at any rate once (ideally you have!), you can utilize that score to decide the amount you have to improve.Here are a few connects to free practice tests for the SAT and ACT on the off chance that you feel you’ve improved fundamentally since the last time you stepped through the exams and need to get another benchmark score. Stage 2: Figure Out How Many Hours You Need to Study Since you know your standard and target scores, you can utilize the distinction between them to assess the quantity of hours you’ll need to concentrate to accomplish your objectives when of your SAT/ACT test date. Here’s an expected breakdown of point improvement per number of study hours for the SAT: 0-30 SAT Composite Point Improvement: 10 hours30-70 Point Improvement: 20 hours70-130 Point Improvement: 40 hours130-200 Point Improvement: 80 hours200-330 Point Improvement: 150 hours+ What's more, here’s the equivalent infofor the ACT: 0-1 ACT Composite Point Improvement: 10 hours1-2 ACT Point Improvement: 20 hours2-4 ACT Point Improvement: 40 hours4-6 ACT Point Improvement: 80 hours6-9 ACT Point Improvement: 150 hours+ Keep in mind, these are unpleasant evaluations, which implies they’re not really going to apply to everybody. That’s why the following stage is tied in with changing thenumber of summer-examining hours to meet your particular needs. Stage 3: Factor in Your Study Habits and Learning Style You presently have an unpleasant thought of how long you’ll need to place in, yet you may need to read for pretty much time dependent on how you process data and how centered you are. Here are a few factors that may lead you to include or take away investigation hours from your arrangement. You’ll Need to Study for More Time If ... You get diverted effectively - If you experience difficulty centering, you likely aren't getting as much out of your examination time. Ensure you concentrate in a peaceful spot with your telephone killed. On the off chance that you discover you can't concentrate on reading for quite a long time at once, stun your time during each time instead of concentrating in enormous lumps. You battle with using up all available time on the test - The more agreeable you are with the test questions and their structure, the less focused on you'll be about time. You're less inclined to confuse yourself on the off chance that you've sufficiently concentrated to feel good with the test material. You require a significant stretch of time to gain from your errors - On state administered tests it tends to be hard to aggregate information about your missteps and apply it to future situations. On the off chance that you have specific trouble with distinguishing and understanding your missteps, you may require more examination time. You've just concentrated a ton absent a lot of score improvement - For this situation, it may be an ideal opportunity to change study strategies and focus on more hours. Reconsider how you've been contemplating. In case you're simply taking a lot of training tests and not so much exploring your off base answers, you most likely won't see quite a bit of an improvement in your scores. You’ll Need to Study for Less Time If ... You are a very engaged studier-If you truly get in the zone when you study, you won't have to put aside as much time. You don’t experience issues completing the segments with time to save Since you're agreeable enough with the inquiries to overcome them all, you've just vanquished one of the most problematic parts of the test. You gain from your errors immediately - If everything necessary for you to become familiar with the correct method to respond to an inquiry is to answer it wrong once, you likely don't require as much investigation time as the normal individual. You are new to the test-This one’s improbable if you’re coming up on senior year, however regardless of whether you just haven’t concentrated a great deal so far, it will be simpler for you to make upgrades rapidly. Recollect that exacting assimilation is certifiably not a feasible contemplating method. Stage 4: Spread Out Your Estimated Hours Based on Summer Plans and Summer and Fall Test Dates Presently for the genuine arrangement - you know around how long you have to contemplate, yet in what capacity will you fit them into your timetable? In the event that you’re wanting to take the SAT or ACT on the main test dates in the fall, you have until October 5, 2019, for the SAT and September 8, 2019, for the ACT. On the off chance that you need to step through an examination toward the finish of the mid year, the SAT is currently likewise offered toward the finish of (August 24, 2019), while the ACT is offered in the mid year on July 13, 2019(except in CA and NY). Note that the tests are held at generally a similar time each year, so these dates should even now be acceptable benchmarks if you’re perusing this later. From the beginning of the late spring you’re taking a gander at aboutthree long periods of study time, with some additional time once the school year fires up again.It's a smart thought to spread out your hours out however much as could be expected step by step so you don't get overpowered. Here are a few instances of plans for various point enhancements: I Want to Improve by 30-70 Points on the SAT or 1-2 Points on the ACT You have an expected examination time of 20 hours, which is effectively reasonable through the span of three months.Choose one to two hours every week that you will save for studying.By the finish of the mid year, you will amass in any event 20 hours of study time. On the off chance that you think you have to read for over 20 hours, two hours every week for the mid year will give you around 30 hours in addition to whatever review time you can fit in throughout the fall before your last took shots at the test. I Want to Improve by 130-200 Points on the SAT or 4-6 Points on the ACT For this degree of progress, the assessed examination time is 80 hours, so you’ll must be somewhat increasingly restrained. Take a stab at putting aside an evening once every week that you will give to studying.Five hours seven days for the entire summer will get you near 80 hours.After that, on the off chance that you believe you need more arrangement, you can do somewhat more concentrating throughout the fall before the test. I Want to Improve by 200-330 Points on the SAT or 6-9 Points on the ACT You’re must invest in a lot of energy to see the enhancements you’re searching for regardless of how great your reading propensities are.Studying for 150 hours or more in the mid year is a difficult task, however it’s certainly feasible. For this situation, you ought to schedule10 hours seven days for studying.It may seem like a great deal, yet consider it: it’s what might be compared to under two days of school and you have the alternative of being outside or sitting in a comfortable seat in a bistro as you do it. Whatever Your Goals, It’s Not Too Late to Get Your Scores up to Speed! In the event that you think you'll require more investigation time, you can likewise step through the examinations later in the fall.The SAT offers November and December test dates, and the ACT offers October and December test dates.If you're thinking about these dates, check with the affirmations workplaces of the schools where you plan on applying to perceive how late they acknowledge scores. I suggest pursuing the most readily accessible fall test dates to see where you remain after the entirety of your late spring contemplating. On the off chance that you don’t do just as you trusted, you can then quickly pursue the following date. I get it now! Much appreciated, free hand! Stage 5: Execute Your Study Plan, yet Keep It Flexible Alright, presently it’s time to place your arrangement in motion!You’ve shut out your investigation time, and you’re focused on following through.However, it’s critical to make sure to move with the punches if clashes emerge (and they will!). Possibly you wind up going on a family excursion, outdoors with your companions, or taking on low maintenance job.Make sure you don’t let considering fall by the wayside since you skirt a day or a week.Be open to moving around your investigation plan so you can keep up your objectives while likewise exploiting the late spring in different manners. Additionally recall: in the event that you figure you ought to concentrate more or on the off chance that you don’t feel like you are getting anyplace with your present techniques, it’s OK to change your plan.It can be basic to keep up adaptability as far as study methodologies in the event that you need to see genuine improvement. Attempt to be straightforward with yourself about what you’re escaping your time and whether you have to reconsider your examination propensities and procedures. For whatever length of time that you can keep up the correct equalization of adaptability and duty, you’ll have a great time and profitable summer! What's Next? As yet attempting to choose when to take the SAT or ACT? Realize which senior year SAT/ACT test dates are best for you.Also investigate up and coming test dates for SAT subject tests in the event that you despite everything need to take those! On the off chance that you've just taken the SAT, discover how frequently you should take it in totalbefore you apply to school. At last, in case you're focusing on a truly elevated score, or simply need to know how you can make th

How Forgiveness Can Help With Your Panic and Anxiety

How Forgiveness Can Help With Your Panic and Anxiety Panic Disorder Coping Print Learning to Forgive When You Have Anxiety By Katharina Star, PhD facebook linkedin Katharina Star, PhD, is an expert on anxiety and panic disorder. Dr. Star is a professional counselor, and she is trained in creative art therapies and mindfulness. Learn about our editorial policy Katharina Star, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 15, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 31, 2020 Chris Tobin / Getty Images More in Panic Disorder Coping Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions Forgiving those who have hurt you isn’t always the easiest thing to do. However, when you learn to forgive others, you are releasing yourself from the anger and negativity that binds you to that person. Forgiveness can help you release deep feelings of sadness and resentment. It can also help you move past negative thoughts that often contribute to anxiety and depression. You deserve to be free of the pain caused by someone else. Learn to let go and accept the past as it was and embrace your life as it is today. Why You Should Forgive For many reasons, you may feel that it is too difficult to forgive others who have deeply hurt you. You may feel that the person isn’t worthy of your forgiveness. Maybe you fear that forgiving someone will make it appear that you are excusing his or her wrongful actions. Forgiveness can be especially difficult when you never receive an apology that you rightfully deserve. It is certainly possible that the person who wronged you isn’t even sorry for what they did. In other circumstances, the person you need to forgive may have passed away, which can make closure even more difficult. Considering all of these challenges, you may be asking why should you forgive. For one thing, forgiveness sets us free. When we hold onto the anger, hurt, and resentment associated with what another person did to us, then we are still allowing them to cause damage in our lives. The person may be long gone from your life, but the anger you feel inside still remains. Years will pass by and you will still be holding onto these negative feelings. Forgiveness can be an empowering way to let go of the pain that the other person caused. It is not about excusing a person for cruel or insensitive behavior. Rather, forgiveness is about striving to live your healthiest life and moving past the upsetting actions of others. Through forgiveness, you can experience other emotional benefits, including improved relationships with those currently in your life. Consider how your deeply held anger and resentment can be affecting your relationships. You may find that when you forgive others that you are more open to trust, love, and acceptance in your current relationships. Forgiveness also relieves stress, anger, and resentmentâ€"feelings that are known to negatively affect the body and mind. Research has determined that managing stress and anger can aid in sleep, reduce anxiety, and improve overall health and wellbeing. Generally, forgiveness provides an opportunity for great personal growth and opens you up to richer and more fulfilling relationships. Ways to Practice Forgiveness If you feel ready to forgive, you may be wondering where to start. It is important to keep in mind that forgiveness is a process that can take time and effort to accomplish. I suggest starting small. For example, try to first start forgiving those that only commit minor offenses, such as someone who cuts you off in traffic. Taking such small steps can begin to open your heart to greater acts of forgiveness Listed here are a few ways to get you started towards forgiving others. Try these activities and see if they can help you on your journey towards forgiveness. You may find yourself obsessing over past events that hurt you. Going over and over these events in your mind can be adding to feelings of anxiety and depression. Use the thought-stopping technique to work toward acceptance. Change your perception about how you were hurt. Did you learn something about yourself through this experience? Sometimes our most painful experiences can teach us valuable life lessons, making us stronger and more insightful individuals through them. One of the most powerful ways to work through your emotions is through journal writing. Writing provides you a safe and uncensored place where you can explore the many aspects of your experience, track where you are in your process of forgiving, and uncover the many layers of emotions. When journal writing, try to balance out what you focus on. Instead of only writing about what you are angry about, also include that which you are grateful for today. Journal writing can be a positive way to begin to heal. You understandably have many feelings of anger toward the person who hurt you. Get these feelings out by writing the person a letter. Let them know in detail all the ways in which they hurt you and how you have felt about it. Get as honest as possible, releasing all of your pent up emotions onto paper. Let the person know that you have decided to forgive them. You can even explain why you are forgiving, such as writing, I forgive you because I no longer want to hold on to the pain you have caused. Once your letter is complete rip up into shreds. This activity will allow you to release emotions that needed to be expressed and then let them go. Use the Thought Stopping TechniqueLook for the LessonsWrite It OutPrepare a Letter

Essay about Prohibition in the United States - 1865 Words

Prohibition in the United States There was once a time when an individual could not sit down and have a beer or mixed alcoholic drink legally after a long days work. At this time our American Government felt we needed to reduce drinking by eliminating the businesses that manufactured, distributed, imported, exported and sold intoxicating liquor. This was called Prohibition. By the 1820s people in the United States were drinking an average of 27 liters (7 gallons) of pure alcohol per person each year. Political and religious leaders were beginning to associate alcohol consumption with the rising coincidence of crime, poverty, and violence. They believed the only way to protect society from this†¦show more content†¦Around 1638 America noticed that liquor laws could do more than just control consumption, they could provide a new source of revenue. By the 18th century liquor laws were concentrated on fines, excise taxes, and license fees. Fines were given for drunken behavior, unlawful sales to someone who was intoxicated, sales to Indians, and selling without a license. Licenses usually had their own fees and excise taxes were imposed on distilled spirits, beer, and fermented drink in many cases. Court records indicate that these laws were regularly enforced (Krout 29-30). John Adams wrote about his concern for the public regarding the effects of liquor in his diary on February 29, 1760,he wrote that taverns were becoming the eternal huant of loose, disorderly peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Cherrington 37). In 1791 a tax was enacted as part of the revenue act. The next year the Second Congress of the United States added license fees for distilleries and taxes on liquors distilled from imported materials. Some were not happy about these new laws which started the so-called Whisky rebellion. Upset about this federal action, farmers in Western Pennsylvania mobbed revenue collectors and armed themselves to avoid this intrusion by the new Federal Government. It required 15,000 militia to bring this Whisky Rebellion to an end (Peterson 119-120). The federal taxes on distilling and importing spiritsShow MoreRelatedProhibition in the United States909 Words   |  4 Pagesday at work, you like to relax with a glass of wine, or maybe even bourbon. Without the ratification of the 21st Amendment, the people of the United States wouldn’t be able to enjoy any alcoholic beverages. The 18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was passed in 1919, outlawing the sale of alcoholic beverages and brining in the period known as Prohibition. At the time, the top Prohibitionist in Congress stated: â€Å"There is as much chance as repealing the Eighteenth Amendment as there is for a hummingbirdRead MoreProhibition Of The United States1912 Words   |  8 PagesKlintworth Prohibition in the United States â€Å"Prohibition goes beyond the bounds of reason in that it attempts to control a man s appetite by legislation and makes crimes out of things that are not crimes.† Even though Abraham Lincoln lived about a half-century before Prohibition took effect in the 1920s, he described it quite well. The legislation essentially took alcohol, which had been a part of people’s lives since history of cultures were reported and made it illegal overnight. While Prohibition didRead MoreProhibition in the United States764 Words   |  3 PagesProhibition in the United States was a built up reaction to alcohol and illicit drugs from the Temperance and other religious organizations beginning in the 1840s and intensifying during the Reconstruction Period. By using increasing pressure on legislators, lobbying through Churches and, of course, embarrassing public officials into a stance, these organizations forced the ratification of the 18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in January 1919. This law prohibited the manufacture, sale, orRead MoreProhibition Of The United States777 Words   |  4 PagesResponse Prohibition in the United States occurred as a result of the Eighteenth Amendment, which was passed on January 17th, 1920. Prohibitions lasted approximately 13 years and ended with the ratifications of the Twenty-First Amendment which repealed the Eighteenth Amendment on December 5th, 1933. Prohibitions did not yield any benefits for the average American, in fact I believe it hindered both men and women in economic, political and social ways. The main proponents of Prohibition were womenRead MoreEssay on Prohibition in the United States1500 Words   |  6 PagesProhibition created more crime because it was leading to corruption and the â€Å"cure† was worse than the original problem (Sifakis 725). The number of crimes increased during the Prohibition which caused organized crime to be very â€Å"popular†. Many criminal groups had a regular income of money through illegal actions such as drinking and selling alcohol (Organized Crime and Prohibition 1). Alcohol increased the organized crimes during Prohibition through loopholes in the 18th Amendment, speakeasiesRead MoreProhibition And Its Effects On The United States1661 Words   |  7 PagesWhen personal choice is withdrawn from individuals and prohibition is implemented to control natural human behavior, the hypocrisy that many preach the United States as being a free society and a nation of tolerance seems to deteriorate when politicians see any opp ortunity to capitalize on the masses without regard. Yet even after alcohol prohibition and fighting an endless war on drugs, history still repeats itself over and over again while the taxpayer is left with the bill. Responsible and recreationalRead MoreEffects Of Prohibition On The United States1272 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States has been actively engaged in a ‘war’ for nearly 25 years. At the heart of this struggle is the fundamental question: Is this a battle the United States can win? Many sources, such as whitehouse.gov, make the claim that drug laws are working Instead, it has created a military police force, reinforced a violent black market, discouraged safe drug usage, and done little to actually reduce drug use. In order to reduce these problems as much as possible, the United States hasRead MoreThe Prohibition Of Marijuana And The United States1559 Words   |  7 Pagesacross the U.S. during the 1900’s and has remained illegal ever si nce, until recent years when states began legalizing it (huffpost.com). Although many people believe that the reason behind the prohibition of cannabis was based on genuine concern for the possible consequences it may have on the well-being of people if it remained accessible to all, the truth is that the drive behind the U.S.’s prohibition of cannabis was founded on racism. During the early 1900’s cannabis was considered an â€Å"ethnicRead MoreThe Drug Prohibition Of The United States Of America1629 Words   |  7 PagesThe cohorts of drug prohibition argue that the benefits of the prohibition are self-evident and undeniable. The basis of this assumption argument is that without prohibition the consumption of drug would skyrocket, and therefore, lead to disastrous outcomes. However, there is no evidence on the commonly held belief. The empirical evidence that exists does not support the notion of souring drug consumption. For instance, in the Netherland and Switzer land, where marijuana is legalized, the consumptionRead MoreWhy The Prohibition Is The Era Of The United States852 Words   |  4 PagesOn January 17, 1920, the 18th Amendment to the constitution of the United States of America took effect. The 18th Amendment had been ratified a year earlier, banning â€Å"the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors†(Okrent, 1) within the United States and its territories. This new decade is called the Prohibition. The prohibition is the era of bizarre and engaging images of speakeasies, intoxicated flappers dancing the Charleston, bootleggers, and mobsters protecting illegal trades

Alfred Kinsey s Research On Sexual Orientation - 901 Words

Alfred Kinsey’s extensive research into sexual orientation has brought about some of the greatest and perhaps most controversial findings of the 20th century. His findings range from sexual activities to sexual orientation, including â€Å"facts† that were considered shocking at the time of their publication, such as 10% of men are gay and almost half men have had adulterous affairs, etc. Not only have they changed the ways people view sex and sexual ethnics in the U.S., but these findings are also still deeply embedded in the public imagination. However, a closer look at the great man’s research reveals some major flaws. Even though nobody has yet been able to replicate the research due to its magnitude, in the 21st century, we have other approaches to explore the same field, the results of which both confirm and challenge Alfred Kinsey’s findings. To begin with, Kinsey is known to be a famously flawed icon because of his problematic research sampling. It is said to be not representative of the population at the time since he mostly interviewed volunteers, who were apparently more open in sexual-related topic – perhaps because they had sex lives. In the 1990s, Edward Laumann of the University of Chicago, who conducted a similar research, smaller scale yet more reliable than Kinsey’s. His findings state that less than 5% of men are gay (half of Kinsey’s figure) and only 25 percent of married men (and roughly 15 percent of married women) reported having had extramarital sex.Show MoreRelatedOpen Marriages Are A Form Of Relationship1043 Words   |  5 PagesOpen marriages are a form of relationship first brought into the public eye by Alfred Kinsey in the 1960s. Since then, the idea of approved extra-martial affairs have become even more popular, despite the uneducated critics hollering about it being an insul t to the institution of marriage, or a way to justify cheating on one’s significant other. As open marriages start to become a more feasible option for couples looking to explore their sexuality, a common question always seems to come up; thisRead MoreHomosexuality And Its Effects On Society Essay1650 Words   |  7 Pagesdebated whether or not homosexuality is a choice that one freely makes, while others believe a combination of genetics, hormones and environment have a factor in one’s sexuality and sexual development. Homosexuality is something one cannot choose to be. Primarily, homosexuality can be defined as a romantic or sexual attraction that involves people of the same gender. Male homosexuals are referred to as gays while the female ones are called lesbians. Ideally, since time immemorial, there have beenRead MoreHomosexuality And Its Effects On Society2470 Words   |  10 Pagesprecise fact that Romans 3:23 points out, â€Å"for all have sinned and fall sh ort of the glory of God,† Humanity has been cursed with being genetically embedded with sin and a sinful nature. The current worldview is that homosexuality and multiple sexual orientations come from nature, and not nurture. This viewpoint is correct in that it is human nature to sin and seek out one’s own selfish desire. However, No one is prescribing a remedy for this sin. â€Å"Become sober-minded as you ought, and stop sinning;Read MoreHomosexuality: Inborn Trait or a Choice991 Words   |  4 Pagesmaking people prone to believe things that aren’t true. Many fall victim to this reality, resulting in feelings of animosity and prejudice with little or nothing to back it up. This hatred often has to do with race, religion, gender, politics or sexual orientation. As you know one can’t just go and change his or her skin tone or gender. It isn’t as if one was asked to be white, black, Hispanic, Native American exc., nor female or male. This is just the way the person was born. Seeing it from this pointRead MoreWhat Causes Homosexuality996 Words   |  4 Pagesanother. What is Sexual Orientation? The American Psychological Association defines sexual orientation as such: Sexual orientation is an enduring emotional, romantic, sexual, or affectional attraction that a person feels toward another person. Sexual orientation falls along a continuum. In other words, someone does not have to be exclusively homosexual or heterosexual, but can feel varying degrees of attraction for both genders. Sexual orientation develops across a person s lifetime—differentRead MoreHomosexuality: Nature or Nurture1209 Words   |  5 PagesIn Ryan D. Johnson’s online research article, Homosexuality: Nature or Nurture, an explanation of homosexuality is broken down so the world has a better understanding of homosexuals. As referred to in the title, the origin of homosexuality has been debated to be because of nature or nurture. Basically, are people gay because it’s their personal choice or is it just who they are? The idea behind nurture is that the way one was raised can eventua lly affect a child’s sexual preference. In the firstRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal And The Normalization Of Homosexuality1422 Words   |  6 Pagesaware of their sexual orientation between middle childhood and early adolescence (2008). They are ware of the emotional, romantic, and physical attraction they can recognize their sexual orientation without participating in sexual activity. Alfred Kinsey was the first to conceptualize sexuality as more than just heterosexuality and homosexuality. There is no scientific reasons as to why an individual identifies as heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual orientation. Although, research have been conductedRead MoreSexual Orientation : Sex And Gender1783 Words   |  8 PagesToday I will be weighing in on the essentialism vs constructioni^^^sm debate on sexual orientation. Before I proceed further I must define sexual orientation which in turn needs me to define sex and gender. What is sexual orientation? There is the behavioral where one’s sexual orientation is defined by the sex of the person that he or she has sex with. If one has sex with a person of the same sex then they are homosexual and if they have sex with someone from the different sex then they are heterosexualRead MoreEssay about Human Sexuality2060 Words   |  9 Pagescategory â€Å"X† of Alfred Kinsey’s scale of human sexuality. Listed as nothing more than a footnote in Kinseys 1948 path breaking volume Sexual Behavior in the Human Male, category X represents the sexual minority known as asexuals, who, according to Kinseys original description, are people who experience no socio-sexual response† (Kinsey 658). In the time since Kinsey published this work, however, the asexual community has come to describe themselves as people who do not feel sexual attraction toRead MoreThe American Psychiatric Association Eliminated Homosexuality As A Metal Disorder1734 Words   |  7 PagesA famous quote from Alfred Kinsey who was the one who started more depth research of sexuality and made others aware during the 1940’s and 1950’s that being a homosexual was not weird but natural. He once said, â€Å"Males do not represent two discrete populations, heterosexual and homosexual. The world is not to be divided into sheeps and goats. Not all things are black nor all things white†. Cleary, Kinsey is trying to state that there are all different species in the world but, everything shall not

Safety on Public Transportation Free Essays

One of the major features of any developed society is mass mobility. In order for man to fulfill his obligation put food on his table, man has to move around. Thus mobility is an essential aspect of human life. We will write a custom essay sample on Safety on Public Transportation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Man has to move from one destination to another. Elementary Science has described this as a natural feature of human beings. Over the years, the growth of technology as made for variables when it comes to human transportation. One of such means of transportation is public transportation. Although transportation is a necessity to most people in America, it will be alarming to note that Americans spend more trying to meet up with their daily needs. Compared to other countries in the world, an average American spends more to move around. As part of the government’s efforts to ensure a better standard of living for the citizen, the public transport system is an initiative of the government tailored towards reduction of the price incurred on transportation by Americans. Therefore, Americans now have a choice which provides a greater freedom. However, as commendable as this initiative is, Public Transportation has its good and bad sides. There are some dangers that one is open to when one takes a public transport. To begin with, the security and privacy one enjoys when one is moving around in one’s private car is better than when we are moving around in public transport. Statistics have shown that people moving around in public transportation are susceptible to insecurity than those transporting privately. On the issue of crime in public transportation, the police department and other organizations have given tips on how to avoid crime in public transportation. For all I care, the next person to you might be a serial killer or the lousy old woman might actually be planning to steal your wallet. At this point, one will be unfair not to admit that public transportation has had a lot of positive impact on the pockets of Americans. With the insistent rise in the prices of gasoline in America, public transportation has being a good alternative for the people of America. At least it has helped save more money that should have been used in the purchase of gasoline. It is also effective and reliable. The next time you are about to meet an appointment and you want to go by public transportation, make sure you have it at the back of your mind that although some dollars will be saved, there is the risk of falling a victim. Therefore, be vigilant and alert! How to cite Safety on Public Transportation, Papers

To Kill A Mocking Bird Essay Example For Students

To Kill A Mocking Bird Essay Shoot all the blue jays you want, if you can hit em, but remember its a sin to kill a mockingbird. Lee says that it is a sin to kill a mockingbird because they only make music for people to enjoy, and they do no damage to anything such as other birds do. Lee is right the mockingbird dose nothing wrong, such as the mockingbirds in the book. They never do anything wrong, but they sometimes are misunderstood and considered bad by other people. Boo is one of the mockingbirds in the book. He only gives to the children. He gives them many different things through the knothole in the tree. Boo also gives the children a game to play during the day, Boo Radley. Later Boo gives them the most important thing of all, their lives. He is also a mockingbird in another way, when Scout falls out of the tire he gives them his music, laughter. At the end of the book Boo ends up going back into his house never to be seen again by Scout. He did this because he was a mockingbird caged up for a long time and was not ready to be free. The solution for him was to go back to his cage that he knew and was safe. We will write a custom essay on To Kill A Mocking Bird specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The other mockingbird is Tom Robinson because he does not do anything wrong. He was a very nice man, he would do things for people if they needed something done that they could not do themselves. An example of this is when he helps Mayella and refused to accept the money that she offered him. The difference between him and Boo is that even though he did not do anything wrong he was still found guilty of a crime that he probably did not commit. The reason that Tom was convicted is mainly because he was a back man accused of a crime by a white woman. The common thing that both of these characters share is that they are both somehow connected to Bob Ewell. Boo is connected to him because Boo killed him when he attacked the children. Tom is connected to Bob because Bob is the main reason that Tom was tried and found guilty in the first place. This common connection to Bob connects Boo and Tom because the reason that Bob attacked the children was because he wanted to get back at the rest of the world for what it did to him. He must have thought the children were a good place to start. Getting Tom convicted was the first step toward what he was trying to accomplish and it gave him a little power rush. The character that understands both of the mockingbirds is Scout. She knew a lot about Boo and was the only character that treated Boo as a real civilized human being. An example of the way she treated Boo as a real person was when she took him to see Jem and another example is the way she walked him back to his house like a gentleman. She also understood that Tom would be found guilty even thought of the evidence pointed to Bob as the one who beat Mayella. At one point near the end of the book a mockingbird is heard after Boo saves the children. The reason that this was put into the book was to show that Boo was meant to represent a mockingbird. He only tried to help the children, and he gave them many gifts and did nothing wrong, almost exactly Lees definition of a mockingbird. Lee made mockingbirds an important part of the book but their position as mockingbirds were never clearly stated. Lee also made one person simply to commit sin by trying to kill the mockingbirds. Also the fact that Atticus said that it was a sin, and he never said anything was a sin before. Lee had him say this because he would be defending one of the mockingbirds in the book and it was just a hint of foreshadowing.The mockingbirds were misunderstood and treated unfairly. They were good but not everyone thought that. Lee turned a simple title into a complex book

Boyz N The Hood Essays - Hood Films, Crips, English-language Films

Boyz N The Hood Essays - Hood Films, Crips, English-language Films Boyz N The Hood MOVING BEYOND THE BOUNDARIES: HOW THE USE OF MUSIC DEVELOPS JOHN SINGLETON'S BOYZ N THE HOOD John Singleton's movie Boyz N The Hood is the story of three young men who are forced to deal with the reality of life in South Central, Los Angeles. Singleton uses this setting to illustrate the obstacles facing these young black men who unavoidably encounter violence all around them. Singleton refrains from portraying his characters as inner-city misfits but instead he characterizes them as average American teenagers who are caught in a situation in which they have no control. Doughboy is an average American teenager but his behavior is not that of an average teenager. It is a result of the influence from the society he has experienced. The music used throughout the movie allows the film to move beyond the boundaries of just telling a story. Through the use of music in the film Singleton is able to accentuate significant situations and display the contrast between characters. The use of music in Boyz N The Hood allows Singleton to thematically advance the film. Singleton magnifies significant situations through the use of music. With each song, the choice of instruments and lyrics creates an emotional response by the viewer which gives the scene a new dimension. The main instrument in the movie is the wailing saxophone. When the saxophone is played it allows for the intensity of the scene to build to its climax. The saxophone is utilized in the scenes in which a person breaks into Furious's house and when Ricky is shot. The saxophone is always present when violence is going to take place. The other type of instrumental music that is used is a soft, slow sound which creates a feeling of relaxation and tenderness. This type of music is used when Tre is receiving a lesson from one of his parents. The soft music played during these moments illustrates his parent's loving nature and the concern they both have about his future. By utilizing this symbolic background music, Singleton expresses to the audience that the parent's feelings are authenti c. Many scenes are emphasized through the lyrics of the music. When Tre is in the car with his father the lyrics Things are gonna get easier can be heard in the background. These lyrics convey the message that things will get easier for Tre now that he's living with his father and that his father has the opportunity to teach Tre how to become a man, which is what Tre's mother anticipated. Singleton's selective use of music enables him to empathize certain situations and add a new dimension to them. The differences between characters is established through the diverse styles of music. The differences between each character is regarding age, lifestyle, and future aspirations. The music connected with Tre and his friends when they are young is soft instrumental music and soul music. Soft instrumental music and soul music displays the innocence of childhood and the potential for a child to be successful in life. Rap music is introduced when Tre and his friends mature seven years. The rap music is a sharp contrast to the music of their childhood. The lyrics of the rap music deal with drugs and violence. This is associated with the harsh reality of living in South Central, Los Angeles. The choice of lifestyle for the characters in Boyz N The Hood divides the characters into two distinct groups: upper and lower class. An example of this class distinction is demonstrated when Furious is on the phone with Tre's mother. The music playing in the background for Furious is soul music, which is associated with blue-collar, lower class society. Whereas Tre's mother has a piano playing in the background, which displays her place in upper class society. These two distinct styles of music illustrate how music separates the two different classes of people in Boyz N The Hood. The future aspirations of the teenagers in the movie further divides the characters. Tre and Ricky look to the future in search of a way to escape the violence in the hood and a way to create a better life for themselves. At the other end of the spectrum

Free sample - Problems That Employees And Employers Face And Possible Solutions. translation missing

Problems That Employees And Employers Face And Possible Solutions. Problems That Employees And Employers Face And Possible SolutionsSleep is a process controlled by biological signals in the body. The amount of natural light in the environment triggers the body when to feel sleepy and when to wake up. This is called the ‘sleep cycle’. Consequently, those who stay awake during the evening and go to sleep during daytime will have a disrupted sleep cycle. This can lead to lack of sleep. (searchCRM.com) This disrupted sleep cycle is a dilemma that many employees who work during graveyard shift (a.ka. third shift, night shift) face. The job finding website www.careerjet.com lists some companies in the United States that offer third shift schedules. These   include Marriott International in Parsippany, NJ,   Pepsi Co., Silgan Companies in Langhorne, PA, Panera Bread in Maple Grove, MN, and GE Energy in Greenville, SC. However, lack of sleep is causing the performance quality of graveyard shift employees to drop. The Encyclopedia Britannica online stated that â€Å"Adults typically sleep between six and nine hours per night†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Any less than six hours of sleeping time can lead to poor health as well as social and behavioral problems. The August 1989 issue of Awake! Magazine mentioned: â€Å"NIGHT-SHIFT workers have been found to experience more gastric problems, ulcers, alcoholism, and divorce than do their peers who work days.† (20) In order for employers to maintain the quality of performance among its employees, an online article titled Guide to Managing Night-Shift Workers authored by Judy Artunian and published in www.business.com suggested the action steps â€Å"1) Consult a night-shift management expert, 2) Schedule with care, 3) Make it convenient to connect (communicate), 3) Ask for feedback (from employees), 4) Evaluate employee performance, and 5) Celebrate milestones (encouragement activities).†Ã‚   In the case of health problems, Awake! Magazine suggested that graveyard shift employees should â€Å"sleep during the same time period each day, preferably during the late morning and early afternoon. (20)†. The article also stressed out the importance having good diet and avoiding alcoholic drinks. Nighttime work is already damaging enough to the health so graveyard shift employees should compensate by keeping the rest of their activities healthy.    Literature Reference: Awake! Magazine. 22 August 1989 Issue. Published by Watchtower Org. Page 20.

Bussiness plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Bussiness plan - Research Paper Example This is a leading factor for the adaptation of technologies and products that lead to the recycling of by-products from the environment. The recyclable compactor is something which the targeted markets will adapt. The reason for this is because those components that are considered as wastes can be compacted in a way that will make them easily disposable or easily adaptable to recycling. Growth Potential The market for the product is in the process of picking up. The main reason for this is because people are continually looking for ways through which wastes can be disposed in a better way. The whole concept is also new altogether. Initially people have been so much used to the idea of just having a regular bin for disposal of wastes. However, in the recent past contemporary and better methods are being adapted for all activities that are associated with waste disposal. This is a fact which will make the growth of the market something which will pick up in the near future. Associated Risks The positivity which is associated with this market is something which cannot be mentioned without looking at the negatives. There are also some potential risks which are associated with this product. The first risk which is easily identifiable is that of rejection by a significant part of the targeted market. ... Marketing Channels Various businesses use different approaches in the course of their marketing. It is imperative to note that the method, which is to be used, is largely dependent on the expansive market. The financial outlay is something which will influence the methods of advertising and marketing. The first thing, which is rather noteworthy, is to gain an understanding of these international markets. Thorough analysis has to be undertaken before the firm can even think of venturing into these markets. A feasibility study regarding the success of the business has to be done. This is particularly pertinent as it will serve to point out whether the business will stand a chance of success in the new market. This is as opposed to going blindly into these markets without prior knowledge. There are new and emerging trends, which business are employing in the course of their marketing. In this case, the first one which cannot go without mention, is the use of the internet. Firms have com e to realize that as opposed to the internet being only a source of information, it has stood out to be a highly effective tool when it comes to marketing. The main reason for this is because, through the internet a large audience can also be reached. This is a sort of strategy which has proven to be rather effective since to a greater extent it is cost-effective on the part of the business. At the same time, it is rather easy for the consumer to access this form of advertising beating in mind the wide internet usage in the present time. Delivery Methods There are a number of methods of delivery which can be looked at depending on the location of the customer. The markets in this case are in South and North America. The

Vertigo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Vertigo - Essay Example While investigating and trailing her, he discovers that she is suicidal and is suffering from thoughts of committing suicide. Later both of them fall in love with each other and then the protagonist experiences the death of Madeleine as she commits suicide. Later he is cared for by Judy Barton who resembles Madeleine and Scottie once again falls in love and this time he is in love with Barton. He tries to mold Barton and make her look exactly similar to Madeline but later he discovers that Madeleine’s death was a hoax and was a plan by her husband. Later due to an accident Barton dies and the protagonist loses his fear of heights but ends up being heart broken. The central point that is being discussed in the movie is the attraction as well as fear that are associated with death. Death can cause different emotions within an individual, for example it can result in the emotion of fear or it can even result in the emotion of satisfaction. This is a point that has been quite heavily depicted in the movie. The movie depicts that when an individual himself experiences death or a near death situation, he/she is most likely to experience the emotion of fear (Krueger 53). This was quite evident as when the protagonist of the movie is about to die as he is about to fall from a very tall building. Due to this incident he became so afraid of death by falling that he became afraid of heights and developed a psychological disorder called acrophobia. At the same time movie even depicts that death is a way through which individuals can gain satisfaction and relief from emotional stress. This feeling of satisfaction and emotional relaxation is experienced by those individuals who use death as a tool of revenge (McDougall 121). This is quite clearly depicted within the movie as the protagonist tries to kill Judy who had helped in planning the death of Madeline. Although the protagonist was afraid of death, he counters this fear when he himself

Eyewitness Testimony In Children

Eyewitness Testimony In Children Memory is not reliable; memory can be altered and adjusted. Memory is stored in the brain just like files stored in a cabinet, you store it, save it and then later on retrieve and sometimes even alter and return it. In doing so that changes the original data that was first stored. Over time memory fades and becomes distorted, trauma and other events in life can cause the way we store memory to become faulty. So when focusing on eyewitnesses, sometimes our memory will not relay correct information due to different cues, questioning, and trauma and so forth, which makes eyewitness even harder to rely on. Although memory is highly unreliable and hence affects the validity of eyewitness it is still applied in the criminal justice system. Jurors are significantly inclined to believe and follow eyewitness evidence; this is quite unnerving because the criminal justice system, laboratory studies and field studies supports the conclusion that eyewitnesses regularly make errors. A vast amount of studies have found that eyewitness misidentifications are the most common cause of wrongful convictions and by using forensic DNA testing, they have found that this have accounted for more convictions of innocent persons than all other factors combined (Innocence Project, 2009; Wells, Memon, Penrod, 2006). Social scientists and members of the legal profession have turned their attention to whether they can rely on the ability of young children to provide accurate eyewitness testimony. They have focused on many cases relying on evidence provided by child witnesses, some of these cases are those of physical or sexual abuse. These have helped bring to the front issues relating to the accuracy and reliability of such eyewitness reports (Ceci Bruck, 1993). As a result there has been a related increase of scientific studies of childrens eyewitness competences, with results indicating that very young children perform significantly worse than younger adults. In line-up identification studies, young children perform at a similar level to young adults when the line-up presented contains the actual culprit but commit more false identifications when it does not (Pozzulo Lindsay, 1998). There are number of reasons behind why a child will provide more incorrect eyewitness information, some of these reason are: misleading suggestions by the interviewer, false memories, sexual or some other form of abuse, the presence of someone in authority such as uniform police, attention or lies. Many things may render the allegations made by children as unreliable. First, Researchers believe that children make the assumption that an adult would not provide the task if the target was not present, so when the children are presented with the line-up array it suggests to the children that the adult expects them to choose someone from the line-up. Therefore the children then will choose someone to avoid either disappointing the adult and at the same time avoiding to admit to uncertainty, or they may even choose someone that looks similar to the target they have seen before. They have also noted that young children may feel pressured to make identification regardless of whether the perpetrator is in fact recognised at all. According to (Davies 1996) the reason children turn towards choosing in identification line-ups is due to feeling pressured or being required to respond to questions regardless to the fact if the target is present or absent. This is also supported by the study by Pozzulo and Lindsay (1997), and they noted that due to the fact that adults are seen as an authority figure or a person to be respected and of status, children fail to realize that I do not know is an available option as a response and so they are less inclined to respond using I do not know and so may be less likely to use it in comparison with adults, whereas adults may not feel that pressure of having another adult present and will not feel that they have done something wrong by admitting that they are not certain of the target. As mentioned before it is acknowledged that there is a growing number of case studies evidently reveal that mistaken identifications made by child witnesses contribute to a failure to achieve justice. This can be seen in many examples such as, Gene Bibbins served 15 years of a life sentence after being convicted based primarily on a mistaken identification made by a 13-year-old victim; Jimmy Ray Bromgard served 14 years of a 40-year sentence based on a mistaken identification made by an 8-year-old victim; Danny Brown served 18 years of a life sentence after being convicted based on a mistaken identification made by a 6-year-old eyewitness; and Larry Youngblood served 9 years of a 10-year sentence based on a mistaken identification made by a 10-year-old victim. DNA evidence has afterwards proven the innocence of all these persons. So after seeing all these false identifications and wrongly accused persons it is unclear as to why the criminal justice system continues to rely on this me thod. Another reason why young childrens memory recall is unreliable is that they lack some sort of understanding of what information needs to be provided in response to questions that are open-ended (Saywitz Snyder, 1996). In the UK a huge number of line-up identifications involving children are carried out by police officers wearing uniform. Researchers carried out a study examining the possibility that wearing a uniform contributes an authority figure cue that affects a childs ability in some way to make accurate eyewitness identifications. They carried out a study where sixty participants aged 9-10 years old would witness a staged crime and were later on be asked to identify the criminal from a line-up. They used four conditions in order to do so, this was a two (2) (uniform: present vs. absent) ÃÆ'- two (2) (target: present vs. absent) design. They found that children in the uniform present conditions made significantly more choices than children in the uniform absent conditions. More significantly they found that in the presence of a uniform, children made more significant false identifications in target-absent line-ups. This therefore suggests that the children experienced uncertainty if the tar get was absent from the line-up and this may be because they were looking to some authority figure to somehow ensure them that the possibility of the burglar being present was high, but this uncertainty was not expressed when the line-up administrator wore a uniform because the that authority figure was present, leading to an increase in false identifications. It was also found that children feel that they are helping the police, and in the eyes of children this will be deemed as something highly important and so they will not want to disappoint them in any way. They also assume that the police may have already arrested the guilty persons and need some final confirmation to be able to convict them (informational influence; cf. Steblay, 1997). Therefore in some way they have relied on the police and believe that no mistake was made. The heightened levels of uncertainty and stress in the target-absent condition could be interpreted as that they may be failing to make a proper the identification as there was nobody who they may have been assisting such as the police or an adult and at the same time found no one who matched their memory of the target. Trying to appear knowledgeable they would then have lowered their identification threshold and therefore wrongly identify someone. Another point looked at on why children give false recollections can be looked at in terms of sexual abuse and the relation between stress and the childrens memory when asked to recall the traumatic event. First, it may be that children made false accusations from the beginning and was aware of it all along. If that was the case then this implies that they did not form false memories, unlike what many researchers would have claimed (Ceci Bruck, 1993). Instead, the children would have been lying to please the adults or may have even been trying to seek attention. It was found that where they may have promoted lies and not false memories the children who later on, as adults, withdrew their claims. So now inferences are important because these withdrawals of their claims would mean that childrens memory flexibility was not as great as were the adult social pressures applied to the children. There were however some of the children who still held to their original charges of child sexual abuse. As well, for those who may have indeed experienced a sexual or physical traumatizing event their memory may become terribly inaccurate from the stress they had experienced, stress causes a person to see things and recall them in many incorrect ways. Even if left to calm down for sometimes or some weeks the memory can be even more lost to the correct information, in that the child can suppress the memories and recall them in ways to make them feel better or to remove the guilt and pain caused by the event. Recent research by (Alexander et al., 2005; Widom Morris, 1997) points out that men are more likely than women to define certain acts of child sexual abuse as not abusive and have less accurate memories for child sexual abuse experiences, they usually make the ordeal less important than it really or distorting what happened Researchers assume that children may typically reveal sexual abuse to their mothers (Berliner Conte, 1995), and that the person who may be sexually abusing or abused the child may be known to the child (Finkelhor, 1984), and that because the crimes and abuses may not be reported promptly (Goodman et al., 1992; Goodman-Brown, Edelstein, Goodman, Jones, Gordon, 2003), it can be argued that mothers may have led the children to make a false report, or the children and/or mothers may have had concealed intentions for making the accusations, and that the childs memory may have been either distorted, trained, or become faded with time. It was that many prosecutors have reported that such defences are often used in child sexual abuse cases (Goodman, Quas, Bulkley, Shapiro, 1999). They argue that children do not always disclose abuse readily, may at times require some leading questions to tell accurately and completely what happened, which in doing so may bring about false reports as to wh at may have truly happened and also leading the children into thinking that it happened in the way that the questions were asked and they may even withdraw their claims even if they were true (Malloy, Quas Lyon, in press; Saywitz, Goodman, Nicholas, Moan, 1991; Summit, 1983). They have also found that it is more difficult to mislead children to report negative or events related to abuse than positive or events that is not related to abuse, but some children at times may even consent to false negative, personal experiences. It has been well-known that the younger the children, the more likely it is for them to report false information (Bruck Ceci, 1999; Howe, 2000). For instance, if after witnessing an event young children are given misinformation about it (e.g., Do you remember when the doctor gave you a candy?), their reports of the event would be more likely to include the (mis)information that the doctor gave them candy when, in fact, the doctor did not. Clinicians and researchers have observed that some very young children are capable of providing accurate reports of events with the use suggestive questioning, whereas some older children are not able to do so (Baxter, 1990; Bruck Ceci, 1999; Geddie, Fradin, Beer, 2000). In 2004 Bruck and Melnyk published a review of the literature on individual differences in suggestibility. Out of 69 studies they looked for evidence of relationships between three categories of possible predictors: one which is demographic (socioeconomic status and sex), secondly the other is Cognitive (intelligence, language, memory, theory of mind, executive functioning, distractibility, and creativity), and thirdly, Psycho-social (social engagement, self-concept/self-efficacy, stress/emotional arousal/state anxiety, maternal attachment styles, parent-child relationship, parenting styles, temperament, and mental health). No relationship with suggestibility for some variables could be found but for others, the results were inconsistent. The predictors which showed the potential appeared to be that of the parent-child relationship, language ability, creativity, self-concept/self-efficacy, and maternal romantic attachment. Children who were vulnerable to being impressionable were mor e creative and had less superior language skills (Clarke-Stewart et al., 2004), inferior self-concept or self efficacy (Davis Bottoms, 2002), less supportive relationships with parents, either fathers or mothers (Clarke-Stewart et al., 2004), and mothers who were attached in their romantic relationships in an insecure manner (Goodman, Quas, Batterman-Faunce, Riddlesberger, Kuhn, 1997; Quas et al., 1999). Different studies were done to test and improve the accuracy of eyewitness testimony in children as well as correct memory recall. One of these tests is the Event Report Training (ERT), this is a training procedure intended to help the improvement of the memory recall of children and at the same time to reduce suggestibility. To test this efficiency of the training procedure they carried out a study. In the study fifty-eight (58) children took part in two forensically significant play events. After two weeks, the children received (ERT) or participated in control procedures, after that they were given a memory interview. The results pointed out that the Event Report Training procedure decreased suggestibility to questions related to abuse in preschoolers; their responses were greatly accurate and the difference in age was removed. (ERT) procedure did not raise the amount of information that preschoolers provided to open-ended questions. However, using the Event Report Training proced ure 32% more information was reported by 7 to 8-year-olds which included a 32% enhancement in actions, without an associated raise in wrong information. (John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2009) Another focus on improving accuracy is a narrative style approach. A wide-ranging study to date of 3 Â ½ 9 year old children narrative development, it observed over a 1000 narratives, and used diverse techniques of analysis of narrative structure, (Peterson and McCabe 1983) acknowledged three common narrative styles in 4-year-old children. The most common being a leap frog pattern in which children jump from one particular feature to another, thereby excluding important aspects. An important aim of Event Report Training is to bring out intricate chronological narratives in preference to leap-frog narratives. Researchers have developed a number of structured interviews in order to achieve accurate memory reports from children in forensic situations. One of these interviews is The cognitive interview (CI) which relies on techniques to assist in retrieval and this consists of reporting everything, temporal recall and reverse order recall, context reinstatement and recall of the event from different viewpoints of the people involved in the event (Geiselman, Fisher, MacKinnon, Holland, 1985). Another structured interview procedure for children is Narrative Elaboration (NE), which relies on the grouping methods to improve the narratives of children. In this, researchers first teach the children how to recall an event by organizing information into specific categories, they then instruct children about the appropriate information that is involved in complete recall of that particular category (Camparo, Wagner, Saywitz, 2001; Saywitz Synder, 1996; Saywitz, Snyder Lamphear, 1996). Afterwards, the children are given cue cards to remind them to explain each group. A third procedure developed by researchers at the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD; Lamb, Sternberg, Esplin, Hershkowitz, Orbach, 2000) was to improve the childrens event reports while at the same time fortifying the forensic investigators interviewing skills. The NICHD protocol lets the child of interview rules which they are allowed to say I do not know. This procedure builds an understanding and supplies the children with practice in describing recent events and separating precise instances of an event recurring. In addition, the procedure uses related cueing whereby after a child-generated material is given the interviewer then asks specific questions. It was found in two investigations that 8 to 10 years old children showed a significant decline in the false response to misleading questions after being interviewed using the Cognitive interview (Memon, Holley, Wark, Bull, Kohnken, 1996; Milne Bull, 2003). In general, the evidence from previous research that children are more likely to choose from a line-up is relatively strong, although the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Children may be more vulnerable to any perceived social and environmental demands to choose, or they may have a less sophisticated understanding of the purposes of an identification test and the potential consequences of their decision (Brewer, Weber, Semmler, 2005). In any case, studies have shown that these difficulties are exacerbated in the presence of a uniform line-up administrator. As well, leading questions are problematic because it can cause the children to rely on the adults for information or may think that by the way the question was phrased they expect a particular answer. It is hence, important that such methods are limited in order to improve the accuracy of child eyewitnesses and increase confidence that the identifications made are correct.

Mary Schapiro’s job was to fix the SEC Essay

1.Kotter’s eight steps As already noted, the SEC was starkly exposed as ill-equipped to deal with the chaos erupting across the globe. It was under strong criticism for the serious fraud of Bernard Madoff and the collapse of Wall Street stalwart Lehman Brothers. Accordingly, Mary Schapiro, a career regulator, was appointed the 29th chairman of SEC to save a languishing SEC. She changed the way they were doing things at the SEC including creating new structures, procedures, and programs to better address the modern financial markets as an urgent need to restore the credibility and public confidence in the SEC. This analysis is based on Kotter’s (1995) eight-step process for leading successful change. a.Establishing a sense of urgency The chairwoman argues that urgency is critical. Schapiro developed a change program with three priorities comprising internal assessment, investor protection focus and mistakes acknowledgement. The mission was to turn the SEC to be a high functioning, agile and intelligent, and committed to investor protection and market integrity. b.Creating a guiding coalition In order to able to manage the change process, she brought in new leadership and new senior team. The new leadership team set about retraining, skilling up and motivating the SEC’s talent staff. In addition, the investor –focused agenda was putting in place. The board and senior management and then all levels of decision making were required to pay attention to risk at all level of an enterprise. The whistle blower program was set up to detect securities violations. A final goal was to admit the mistakes that the SEC made under its watch. This is the first step in communicating the change vision. c.Developing a vision and strategy A vision was created to help direct the change effort, that was, to build a high functioning, agile and intelligent, and committed to investor protection and market integrity agency. d.Communicating the change vision In order to communicate the change vision, the chairwoman developed an open  way communication in which all staff and bankers could directly discuss with her. e.Empowering broad-based actions The SEC critically trained their staff to become certified fraud examiners. The organisation was restructured by removing the whole layer of management sending those to the frontline putting thousand staff to different focus groups such as corrupt foreign practices, insider trading, market manipulation and structured products. In addition, the SEC also set rules for over the counter and asset backed securities, hedge funds and examination program. f.Generate short- term wins Monetary reward and safe avenue were offered to whistle blower as a way to encourage people to detect securities violation as part of the change program. Fine was charged to financial institution (Goldman Sachs) due to misleading investor mortgage securities. g.Consolidating gains and producing more change h.Anchor new approaches in the future The change within the SEC was continually anchored for several years after the change commenced.

Things Fall Apart and Exile Essay - 1047 Words

Final Essay Outline I. Introduction A. Exile can be the self-imposed banishment from one’s home or given as a form of punishment. Exile results in solitude; leaving people only time to reflect upon their self. B. The main characters in The Epic of Gilgamesh, The Tempest, and Things Fall Apart all encounter exile due to their actions. C. (THESIS) – The protagonists, Gilgamesh, Prospero, and Okonkwo all have experiences of exile which alienate them from their homeland, but as hurtful as it is for them to go through; their experience alienates them causing them to overcome trials and enriches their lives in a way that reveals their true character. D. Each character has a different experience of exile, but it†¦show more content†¦IV. Third Protagonist – Okonkwo A. Okonkwo’s exile in Things Fall Apart is much different than that of Gilgamesh and Prospero’s in that it is a result of his own actions. 1. He is exiled by his clansmen when he commits a female crime, killing another clansman by accident (Achebe 124). 2. The only course of action Okonkwo can take is to abide by the laws of Umuofia and leave his native land for seven years B. The exile Okonkwo faces only adds more to his anger and bitterness. Okonkwo’s alienation causes him to have a pessimistic outlook, focusing more on what has been taken from him. 1. Although he is thankful for the welcoming of his mother’s kinsmen, Okonkwo regrets every day of his exile (Achebe 162). C. Okonkwo does not learn anything from his exile, but reverts back to his survival skills and hard work to â€Å"prosper in his motherland† (Achebe 162). D. Okonkwo is the only protagonist that did not change from his experience. His experience of exile reveals no change of his pessimistic outlook and only hardens his heart more. When he returns home, his actions show that he is meaner, angrier, and more rebellious. E. 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Do You Know Who Really Invented the Wheelbarrow

American poet William Carlos Williams praised them in his most famous poem: so much depends upon a red wheelbarrow, he wrote in 1962. The fact is that whether they have one or two wheels, wheelbarrows changed the world in small ways. They help us carry heavy loads easily and efficiently. Wheelbarrows were used in Ancient China, Greece and Rome. But do you know who really invented them? From Ancient China to Your Backyard   According to the history book  The Records of the Three Kingdoms, by the ancient historian Chen Shou, the single-wheeled cart today known as a wheelbarrow was invented by the prime minister of Shu Han, Zhuge Liang, in 231 A.D. Liang called his device a â€Å"wooden ox.† The handles of the cart faced forward (so that it was pulled), and it was used to carry men and material in battle. But the archaeological record bears out devices older than the â€Å"wooden ox† in China. (By contrast, the wheelbarrow seems to arrive in Europe sometime between 1170 and 1250 A.D.) Paintings of men using wheelbarrows were found in tombs in Sichuan, China, that dated to 118 A.D. Eastern vs. Western Wheelbarrows A notable difference between the wheelbarrow as it was invented and existed in ancient China and the device found today is in the placement of the wheel. The Chinese invention placed the wheel at the center of the device, with a frame built around it. In this way, the weight was more evenly distributed on the cart; the man pulling/pushing the cart had to do considerably less work. Such wheelbarrows could effectively move passengers — up to six men. The European barrow features a wheel at one end of the cart and necessitates more effort to push. While this would appear to be a strong factor against the European design, the lower position of the load makes it more useful for short trips and both loading and dumping cargo.